The most sensitive microorganism was staphylococcus. Join our friendly community that shares tips and ideas for gardens, along with seeds and plants. Distribution and socioecological impacts of the invasive alien. Cladodes are carried to new areas by large fauna or occasional cloudbursts accompanied by flash floods. Opuntia stricta haworth is now generally accepted as a single species comprising two.
Chemical composition, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and. We recorded the distribution of opuntia stricta in eastern africa, and. There is detailed information about identification and control of opuntioid cactiincluding opuntia stricta in managing opuntioid cacti in australia. Prickly pear cactus includes various species of foodstuff and fodder plants which people on both sides of the united statesmexico border have used for both nourishment and medicine.
The combination of prickly pear cactus with oral hypoglycemic agents, such as metformin and glipizide, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may increase the risk of hypoglycemia because of additive blood glucose lowering effects 70 a. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of opuntia. Despite what we know, there are many facets to the story of opuntia in dr. Foxcroft, south african national parks, skukuza the sour pricklypear opuntia stncta wasfirstrecordedin thekrugernational. Austrocylindropuntia, cylindropuntia and opuntia species. Opuntia originate in north america, the west indies and south america. Opuntia stricta is a coastal prickly pear cactus that occurs on the shores of florida and other southeastern states. Opuntia is the most widespread genus of cactus and one of the largest with 150. We recorded the distribution of opuntia stricta in eastern africa, and conducted 200 household interviews using semistructured questionnaires to assess local perceptions of o. Plant invaders in spain checklist, the unwanted citizens. Opuntia, commonly called prickly pear, is a genus in the cactus family, cactaceae.
Prickly pear cactus nopal species opuntia streptacantha and fulginosa nopal is a large cactus prickly pear native to arid areas of south and north america. The most common form of nopal used in the studies was the broiled stem of opuntia streptacantha given as a 100500 g daily. They are branched shrubs, typically up to two metres high, though they can grow taller. It was clarified that opuntia stricta extract is an effective extract with antibacterial and antifungal activity. Histological evidence documents that topical application of polysaccharide. Opuntia stricta was considered to be australias worst ever weed. Bushy, clumped plant, distinct trunks absent, clumps usually 1. In 1812 he introduced the species in the genus opuntia. This native cactus is distributed throughout coastal regions of florida and the gulf coast states. Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of opuntia stricta f. The first description as cactus strictus was published in 1803 by adrian hardy haworth. View picture of opuntia species, coastal prickly pear, erect pricklypear cactus, yaaxpakan opuntia stricta at daves garden. Opuntia was present in the general area for at least 50 years before it became an invasive weed, and its spread corresponded to increasing degradation of the grassland. Department of agriculture aphis, where it is classified as a weed.
It is also listed in the global invasive species database, and regarded to be in the top 100 of. Opuntia stricta fruit juice is a potential source of betacyanin pigments which can be. Common names include erect prickly pear and nopal estricto spanish. Pdf many cactus species have been introduced around the world and. Opuntia stricta is a cactus that can grow up to 2 metres in height and originates in central america. Prickly pears are also known as tuna fruit, sabra, nopal paddle, plural nopales from the nahuatl word nopalli for the pads, or nostle, from the nahuatl word nochtli for the fruit. Common names include erect prickly pear and nopal estricto. Plants profile for opuntia stricta erect pricklypear. Rarely grown but worthy of consideration in hot dry locations where the thorns are not an issue or are an asset. Castellar mr, obon jm, alacid m, fernandezlopez ja 2008 fermentation of opuntia stricta haw. The most wellknown opuntia species is opuntia stricta common prickly. This document is eeny498, one of a series of the entomology and nematology department, ufifas extension. In particular, opuntia stricta sour prickly pear has invaded several protected areas in the country, threatening the biodiversity conservation mandate of these conservation areas. Common pest pear opuntia stricta spcommon pest pear or prickly pear opuntia stricta spp.
Due to its hard spines it has almost no predators and known methods to destroy it are expensive. Opuntia stricta, beach, florida prickly pear cactus. The prickly pear story department of agriculture and. It is used in the management of diseases that involves oxidative stress, especially diabetes, obesity and cancer. Previously, it was divided into three independent species. Its fruit is composed of around 69% peels, 21% pulp, and 10% seeds.
Because of this, not much is known about its chemical composition. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the. Media in category opuntia strictathe following 94 files are in this category, out of 94 total. Opuntia stricta is a large sized species of cactus that is endemic to the subtropical and tropical coastal areas of the americas and the caribbean. This spiny shrub favours habitats such as rocky slopes, river banks and urban areas. Segments elliptic to obovate, compressed, 1030 cm long, 720 cm. Segments elliptic to obovate, compressed, 1030 cm long, 720 cm wide. Nov 12, 2003 welcome to the famous daves garden website.
Opuntia stricta on tybee island also were found infested with c. Opuntioid cacti best practice control manual agric. About the classification report about the classification download. Metabolism prickly pear cactus is a popular food among mexicans, mexicanamericans, and hispanics and is commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Common prickly pear opuntia stricta is very similar to spiny pest pear opuntia dillenii and intermediates between the two species are sometimes seen in australia. Opuntia stricta fruit juice is a potential source of betacyanin pigments which can be used as a natural red purple food colorant. Distribution and socioecological impacts of the invasive alien cactus opuntia stricta in eastern africa. The genus is named for the ancient greek city of opus, where, according to theophrastus, an edible plant grew. Several small n 732 published clinical trials all conducted by the same research group using different forms and doses of opuntia species confirm mild to moderate beneficial effect in subjects with t2dm.
These stem segments are hairless and generally do not have any spines sometimes one or two large spines are present on the small raised bumps i. They have flattened cladodes, commonly referred to as pads, which are usually round or ovalshaped. Another concern is the probability that cactoblastis cactorum will spread west as far as texas and into mexico. The variations between the varieties are considerable and many intermediate forms exist.
Common pest pear or prickly pear opuntia stricta spp. Tourists perceptions and willingness to pay for the. Opuntia stricta is also controlled by a cochineal insect, dactylopius opuntiae. Watersoluble polysaccharides from opuntia stricta haw. Opuntia aurantiaca 32 tiger pear opuntia elata syn. Side view of the castes of brachymyrmex patagonicus mayr. Pdf distribution and socioecological impacts of the. This article focuses on the economic estimation of o. On the contrary, the spineless variety opuntia ficusindica ermis is a widely cultivated plant in central and south america, edible for men and animals. Opuntia e um genero botanico da familia cactaceae, vulgarmente conhecido como opuncia, ou em portugal figododiabo. An invasive species in kenya, opuntia prickly pear. Pdf stimulation and promotion of germination in opuntia. Opuntia stricta is belonging to the cactaceae family and comprises from 200 to. The cactus may also occur naturally in the caribbean, the gulf coast of mexico, the eastern shores of mesoamerica, and on the northern shores of south america.
Reconstructing the history of opuntia stricta invasion in the kruger national park over the last fifty years provides an insight into the dynamics of its invasion by llewellyn c. Larger, terminal joints green to graygreen, obovate or elliptic. The reason for introducing the plant was to create a cochineal industry in the new colony. Rafinesque, as well as exotic species, either naturalized or grown as ornamentals, in florida are also at risk. Najm, in nutritional and therapeutic interventions for diabetes and metabolic syndrome, 2012. Experimental test of biotic resistance to an invasive. The prickly pear opuntia ficusindica is an invasive species. Mounted worker of the dark rover ant, brachymyrmex patagonicus mayr. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the plants classification report. The old black and white photo on the left shows one example of how it was. May 18, 2015 the prickly pear opuntia ficusindica is an invasive species. Opuntia stricta is a shrubby, lowspreading to erect, evergreen cactus, sometimes forming large, wide clumps that are seldom more than 80cm tall, though occasional forms with definite trunks are known to grow 2 3 metres tall. A live worker of the dark rover ant, brachymyrmex patagonicus mayr.
Opuntia, prickly pear cactus spineless opuntia stricta by xenomorf may 3, 2007 10. Pdf distribution and socioecological impacts of the invasive alien. Reconstructing the south african national biodiversity. Cochineal is an insect that feeds on certain species of cactus and from which a scarlet dye is obtained. May 03, 2007 opuntia, prickly pear cactus spineless opuntia stricta by xenomorf may 3, 2007 10.
It is also similar to indian fig opuntia ficusindica, whitespined prickly pear opuntia streptacantha, drooping tree pear opuntia monacantha and velvety tree pear opuntia. One of several cactus species that is attacked by the cactus moth, cactoblastis cactorum, which arrived in florida in 1989, and this invasive species has become a serious threat to the diversity and abundance of opuntia cacti in north america. Outside the natural range, opuntia stricta haworth haworth, originating from north america is classified by iucn among 100 of the worlds worst invasive alien species. Pdf biological actions of opuntia species researchgate. Reconstructing the history of opuntia stricta invasion in the kruger. In this work, chemical composition of opuntia stricta haw.
It is traditionally used among mexicans as a food and medicinally as an antiinflammatory, laxative, for alcohol hangover, to manage. Common prickly pear opuntia stricta is regarded as an environmental weed in queensland, new south wales, victoria and western australia. This species was recently listed as a priority environmental weed in two natural resource management regions. Best practice control manual for austrocylindropuntia, cylindropuntia, and opuntia species produced by the. Todas as suas especies sao originarias do continente americano, onde sao encontradas desde a patagonia ate os estados unidos da america. Opuntia stricta is belonging to the cactaceae family and comprises from 200 to 300 species. Classification for kingdom plantae down to genus opuntia mill. Adense stand of sour pricklypear, opuntia stricta, near skukuza. Opuntia stricta haw is one of the relatively unknown species in south africa where it is regarded more as a weed. One south american species, opuntia aurantiaca lindley figures on the regulated plant pest list of the u. Stimulation and promotion of germination in opuntia ficusindica seeds article pdf available in journal of the professional association for cactus development 8 january 2006 with 1,186 reads. More information on that event is available in this website at prickly pear history. This dye was used to colour the distinctive red coats of the british soldiers at that time. If it become a problem on an opuntia used in landscaping.
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